Mining Truck
Mining trucks are off-highway vehicles, mainly used in mines and engineering. They are more durable and load more than ordinary trucks. From a structural point of view, there seems to be no big difference between a mining truck and an ordinary dump truck, it seems that it is just “bigger”. In fact, mining trucks are fundamentally different from ordinary dump trucks in terms of design concept. Ordinary dump trucks are used for road transportation, and mining trucks are used for mine construction operations. Therefore, the entire vehicle and the parts used for mining trucks have considered the mining operation environment, and are designed and manufactured for such users. .
Mining truck are off-highway vehicles, mainly used in mines and engineering. They are more durable and load more than ordinary trucks. From a structural point of view, there seems to be no big difference between a mining truck and an ordinary dump truck, it seems that it is just “bigger”. In fact, mining trucks are fundamentally different from ordinary dump trucks in terms of design concept. Ordinary dump trucks are used for road transportation, and mining trucks are used for mine construction operations. Therefore, the entire vehicle and the parts used for mining trucks have considered the mining operation environment, and are designed and manufactured for such users. .
Properties and Structural Characteristics Of Mining Truck
Off highway (mining) dump truck is a heavy duty dump truck used in open-pit mines to complete the tasks of rock and earth stripping and ore transportation. Its working characteristics are short haul and heavy load. Travel to and from the mining point and the unloading point. The “off-highway” here does not mean off-road driving, but only because of its ultra-wide shape and excessive total mass, it is not allowed to drive on the road. Rigid frame dump trucks are widely used in my country. The following briefly describes their characteristics and structural characteristics:
1. The shape is particularly tall and belongs to the super-profile vehicle
Mining dump trucks are only driven in limited mining areas, and the size of the vehicle is not limited. In order to increase the transportation volume of each trip, the volume of the carriage should be increased as much as possible, and the overall dimensions of the vehicle should be widened and heightened. Its width far exceeds that of the national JTGB01-2003 “Technical Standards for Highway Engineering” and GB1589-2004 “Road Vehicles Outline Dimensions, Axle Loads and Mass Limits” stipulate that the width of road vehicles shall not exceed the limit of 2.5 meters and cannot be driven on roads.
2.Large load quality and strong power
At present, the load of this type of vehicle is between 20-360 tons, and it is still developing in the direction of large-scale. Due to the large load tonnage and many slopes on the road, the engine must have high power and high torque to ensure that it is easy and powerful to go uphill with full load. Therefore, these models are equipped with high “specific torque” and high “torque increase factor”. Engineering engine. However, due to poor off-highway conditions, the common speed of these models is around 30-40km/h.
3.Frame
The frame is a special structure for construction machinery vehicles, all of which are all welded structures. The longitudinal beams adopt closed box-shaped sections to ensure high torsional strength. The thick steel plates used are all low-alloy and high-strength steel plates.
4.Carriage
The carriage is also a fully welded structure. The back of the bucket-type floor is raised. The general slope angle is 12 degrees, and there is no rear baffle; The rough stone loading method on the transportation and construction site is guaranteed, and its service life is generally more than 10 years.
5.Suspension
Most off-highway (mining) dump trucks use oil and gas suspension, especially for vehicles with a load capacity of more than 45 tons. This kind of short wheelbase and particularly large model is most suitable for installing the oil and gas suspension, which has no corresponding space to install the traditional leaf spring damping. The oil and gas spring cylinder of the front wheel also functions as a steering kingpin, and the outer cylinder is fastened to the outside of the frame longitudinal beam, so the traditional integral front axle is omitted.
6.Steering
Due to the large mass of the vehicle and the large load on the front axle, the steering of the front wheels is completely dependent on hydraulic power. In order to ensure safe and reliable steering, this type of vehicle not only adopts full hydraulic steering, but also is equipped with emergency steering system. When the power of the steering system fails, the emergency steering system can ensure that it still has a certain steering ability, so that the car can be parked in a relatively safe place. The place.
7.Brake
The mining area has many slopes and the vehicle load is particularly large. Therefore, the reliability of the braking system function also needs to be guaranteed first. In addition to the main brake function of the dump truck, it is also equipped with auxiliary retarding braking capabilities: engine exhaust braking, hydraulic retarder or electric retarder function that converts electric wheels into generators At the beginning of the drive, the engine exhaust brake is put into work first; then the hydraulic retarder or the electric retarder are jointly added with the retarding braking function; and finally the wheel main brake is put into operation, which greatly reduces the frequency of the main brake, which is often in In the best state, the service life of the brake shoes is extended.
8.Transmission
Vehicles with a load capacity of less than 100 tons generally use a hydromechanical transmission and a traditional rear axle; large-mass vehicles over 100 tons generally use an electric drive: the engine drives the generator, and then drives the electric motor in the rear wheel with electric current, so that the Rear wheel drive truck.
9.Using engineering tires
The tread pattern and structure of these tires are different from those of road vehicles, and belong to engineering tires, so as to well adapt to the use requirements of complex road surfaces.
